Clinical cases in vascular techniques

This section provides a selection of clinical cases provided by experts in vascular techniques.

This case explores the management of a complex subclavian vein intra-stent occlusion in a haemodialysis patient, raising key questions when standard endovascular options reach their limits.

When complex intra-stent occlusion demands outside-the-box thinking
Vascular Surgery Unit University of Siena, Italy
Vascular Surgery Unit University of Siena, Italy
Vascular Surgery Unit University of Siena, Italy
University of Siena, Italy

A 73-year-old man with major cardiovascular risk factors presented with acute pain and was diagnosed with a large thoraco-abdominal aneurysm and bilateral iliac aneurysms. A complex, staged endovascular repair was performed to reduce the risk of spinal cord ischemia. At 6-month follow-up, imaging revealed a type II endoleak with aneurysm sac enlargement, prompting the need for further strategic decision-making.

Management of a type II endoleak  after thoraco-abdominal aneurysm endovascular exclusion
GOM Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Italy
GOM Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Italy
GOM Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Italy

A 65-year-old male with multiple comorbidities presents with a 58 mm thoracic aortic aneurysm and a severely kinked, diseased aorta. This case reviews the key anatomical challenges, landing-zone configuration, access considerations, and protective strategies needed when planning a patient-tailored endovascular repair.

Patient-tailored endovascular therapy of the thoracic aorta
University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany

An 80-year-old patient faces a recurrent type II endoleak after EVAR, with his aneurysm sac continuing to grow despite prior interventions. Explore the imaging and procedural challenges in managing this stubborn complication—and see what comes next.

Treatment of recurrent endoleak type II
Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Spain

An 84-year-old man with prior TAVI presented with TIA symptoms. Imaging revealed left ICA occlusion and subocclusive right ICA stenosis, posing a high-risk management challenge.

TIA in bilateral severe carotid disease
Cotignola, Italy

Carotid stenosis without visible atheromatous plaque raises diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in patients with complex medical backgrounds. This case presents an uncommon scenario of subocclusive carotid stenosis in a woman with a history of breast cancer and prior radiotherapy, inviting reflection on the potential role of radiation-induced vascular injury.

Carotid stenosis: the athero-mystery
Leforte Hospital – São Paulo, Brazil

A 72-year-old patient with severe left carotid stenosis and contralateral occlusion raises a critical treatment challenge. Discover the case details and join the discussion on revascularisation strategy and device selection.

Severe carotid artery stenosis associated with contralateral carotid occlusion
Cotignola, Italy

A rare, aggressive AV malformation in a 7-day-old baby, diagnosed as Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, poses a high risk of rapid growth and severe bleeding. What treatment offers the best chance to control this life-threatening condition?

7-days old baby with AV Malformation
University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany

A high-risk 60-year-old male with multiple cardiovascular comorbidities presented with a > 70 % calcified ulcerated stenosis of the left internal carotid artery. Imaging confirmed diffuse parietal disease and a Type I arch. This case explores the therapeutic strategy and technical approach used to manage carotid revascularisation safely and effectively.

Asymptomatic carotid stenosis stenting
Leforte Hospital – São Paulo, Brazil

A dissected thoraco-abdominal aorta has evolved into a triple-lumen aneurysm, with two false lumens feeding vital organs and a compressed true lumen in between. This case highlights a staged, fully endovascular repair using physician-modified fenestrations to protect all four visceral branches—avoiding open surgery despite complex anatomy.

Total endo‑aortic repair for a triple‑lumen post‑dissection TAAA
Xiamen University Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital, China